If your dog has diarrhea or other irritable bowel symptoms, your vet might prescribe metronidazole. But how does it work, and what else do you need to know? Keep reading to learn more about using metronidazole for dogs, dosages, and potential side effects.
What Is Metronidazole Used for in Dogs?
Metronidazole is a powerful antibiotic from the 5-nitroimidazole group of drugs used primarily to treat infections caused by bacteria and single-celled organisms called protozoa. Your vet may prescribe it if your dog has Giardia, abdominal abscesses, diarrhea, intestinal problems, arthritis, ear infections, or gum disease, among other infections.1
Although it’s considered extra-label or off-label use, many vets safely prescribe metronidazole for dogs.1,2 Extra-label use means vets are legally allowed to prescribe the medicine to be used in a way not listed on the label.3 In this case, metronidazole is FDA-approved for humans, but not animals, making its use “extra-label.”1
A MetLife Pet Policy May Help Cover Dog Prescription Costs
Is Metronidazole Safe for Dogs?
Metronidazole is considered safe for most dogs, but there are a few instances when another medication could be better:1,2
- Metronidazole isn’t safe for dogs who are pregnant or nursing, are allergic to the drug itself or other 5-nitroimidazoles, or are in a weak condition.
- Puppies prescribed metronidazole should be closely monitored.
- Dogs with liver disease and those on blood thinners should take metronidazole cautiously.
- Long-term use could have adverse effects, so discuss the length of treatment with your vet.
There are additional risk factors to be aware of that can help ensure your dog takes metronidazole safely.
Other risk factors
Like many prescription drugs, metronidazole can negatively interact with other medications. Some of these include gastro protectants, certain chemotherapy drugs, cyclosporine, warfarin, phenobarbital, and phenytoin.2
Talk with your vet if your dog is on any of these medications, and also let them know about any supplements or vitamins your dog is taking.2
How Is Metronidazole Given to Dogs?
You may be able to get metronidazole for dogs in a liquid, capsule, or tablet form that you can give to them at home, or as an injection your vet can administer.2
This antibiotic is very bitter and should be given to your dog with food.2 Something tasty that can mask the bitterness may be helpful. If your dog isn’t taking the medicine well, ask for your vet’s advice because the dosage instructions should be followed carefully.
If you accidentally miss a dose, talk with your vet to see what their recommendation is — you might still be able to give it to your dog unless it’s close to the time for their next dose. It’s not a good idea to give your dog more than one dose at the same time, even if you missed the last one. Once you’re back on track, you can keep giving the medicine as directed.2
How Much Metronidazole for Dogs: Dosage
The right dosage of metronidazole for your dog depends on the condition being treated and their size. For intestinal tract issues (like diarrhea) or irritable bowel symptoms, vets may prescribe 10 – 15 mg/kg (or about 22 – 33 mg/lb) every 12 hours for several days, depending on the severity. For Giardia, around 25 mg/kg (or 55 mg/lb) every 12 hours for 5 days is recommended.1
Metronidazole may start working within 1 – 2 hours, and you may notice improvements in your dog after a few days.1,2 As always, follow your vet’s advice and contact them if your pup’s health isn’t getting better.
Side Effects of Metronidazole for Dogs
Metronidazole doesn’t typically have many adverse or side effects, but like any medication, they are possible.1 Side effects could include:1,2
- Drooling
- Fatigue
- Loss of appetite
- Gagging or regurgitating
- Vomiting, diarrhea, or nausea
- Discolored urine
More severe side effects are possible, but they’re rare. With higher doses, signs of neurotoxicity might show — like muscle spasms or poor muscle control, tremors, and convulsions. Signs of liver toxicity — such as yellowing skin, gums, and eyes — may also occur. And a skin disorder that involves hair loss, bruising, scaling, and swelling may happen.1,2
Speak to your vet if you’re concerned about any potential side effects. Their knowledge of your dog’s medical history will help them give you an informed opinion on the best course of action.
How Much Does Metronidazole Cost?
The cost of metronidazole for dogs depends on the dosage, length of treatment, type of medicine (i.e., tablet, liquid, or capsule), your zip code, and where you purchase the prescription from.
You need a prescription to purchase the medicine, but you may be able to shop around to find a price that works for you.
MetLife Pet Insurance Can Help Cover Dog Prescriptions
Metronidazole is considered a safe way to help treat certain dog infections — especially those that involve gastrointestinal upsets, like diarrhea. While a single prescription may not break the bank, unexpected vet bills when your dog is sick could impact your budget.
With a MetLife Pet dog insurance policy, you can get reimbursed for prescriptions, as well as exams, diagnostics, and other treatments your dog might need to help them feel better. With customizable reimbursement rates up to 90%, you can choose the level of coverage you need.4 So when vet bills come up, you can rest easier knowing we’ve got your back. Start with a free quote today!
